Evidence synthesis: How hard can it be?

Abstract

Evidence synthesis is a key component within the process of Evidence- Based Practice. “Evidence synthesis uses formal explicit rigorous methods to bring together the findings of studies already completed and to provide an account of the totality of what is known from that pre-existing research” (Gough et al. 2020, p. 1). It is the vital step before the overall research findings can be applied in individual and across healthcare practices, including policy making. Despite the availability of guidance documents and tools in the last two decades, compliance with best practice methods and synthesis has not reached optimum levels (Uttley et al. 2023). Students, academics and researchers must ensure that they adhere to best practice evidence synthesis approaches and be transparent in their methods, to ensure the validity of findings and address important questions to guide practice at both individual and systems levels.